Draft v0.1SupersededCC BY 4.0

FDE Competency Framework v0.1

The FDE Competency Framework is an open, vendor-neutral draft standard that defines competent Forward Deployed Engineering in 7 industry-neutral domains, each with 4–6 competencies and behavioral indicators at 3 proficiency levels: Associate, Practitioner and Lead. It is free to use under CC BY 4.0 and open for comment.

Published by FDE Council · Last updated

This version has been superseded

This is the archived v0.1 draft (7 domains), kept so that existing citations still resolve. The current draft is the FDE Council Professional Capability Framework v0.2, which reorganizes the framework into 11 core domains.

v0.1 was a draft for community review. It has not yet been validated by a job task analysis, it is not a certification standard, and nobody can be assessed or certified against it. Every domain, competency and indicator may change.

New to the role? Start with what a Forward Deployed Engineer is and how it differs from neighboring roles.

Who it’s for

  • Practitioners see where they are and plan what to learn next.
  • Employers write clearer job profiles, interview loops and career ladders.
  • Training providers map courses to a common reference.
  • FDE Council builds toward a validated standard.

Structure

7 core domains, all industry-neutral. Each has a definition, 4–6 competencies, and behavioral indicators at 3 levels. No industry-specific tracks in v0.1.

Proficiency levels and their typical scope
LevelTypical scope (indicative)
AssociateDelivers well-defined parts of a deployment under guidance. Reliable on scoped tasks; asks for help early.
PractitionerOwns a deployment end to end for one customer or workstream, working independently in ambiguous environments.
LeadOwns several or high-stakes deployments, sets the approach for others, shapes the vendor’s product and playbooks, and is trusted by customer executives.

Years of experience are deliberately not used to define levels.

See how these competency areas can inform a structured hiring process in How should employers assess Forward Deployed Engineer skills?

Draft v0.1

The 7 domains

Open a domain to see its definition, its competencies and its behavioral indicators at each level. The same content is in the downloadable document.

1Customer Discovery and Problem Framing

Turning a customer’s unclear, often contested request into a specific, valuable and feasible problem statement with agreed success measures, before significant build effort is committed.

  1. 1.1Plans and runs discovery with users, operators, technical owners and decision-makers.
  2. 1.2Maps the current workflow, systems of record and pain points as they really are, not as documented.
  3. 1.3Separates the stated request from the underlying need, and identifies who actually decides.
  4. 1.4Frames the problem as testable hypotheses, with baseline metrics and target outcomes.
  5. 1.5Assesses feasibility and readiness (data, access, sponsorship, risk), and recommends go, reshape or stop.
Behavioral indicators for domain 1, by proficiency level
AssociatePractitionerLead
Prepares and documents discovery sessions using a provided template; captures workflows and pain points accurately.Runs discovery independently across business and technical stakeholders, and produces a one-page problem statement with baseline, target metric and assumptions that the sponsor signs off.Designs discovery for multi-team or executive-level engagements, resolves conflicting stakeholder goals, and reframes or declines engagements that fail readiness criteria.
Flags gaps between what users say and what the systems show.Identifies the real decision-maker and the operative constraint, and adjusts scope accordingly.Builds reusable discovery playbooks and qualification criteria that other FDEs adopt.
Asks clarifying questions rather than assuming requirements.Converts findings into prioritised, testable hypotheses.Coaches others on handling hostile or politically sensitive discovery.
2Solution Architecture and Systems Integration

Designing a solution that fits the customer’s real environment (legacy systems, identity, network limits, existing platforms) and choosing the simplest architecture that will deliver the outcome reliably.

  1. 2.1Designs end-to-end architectures across the vendor platform, customer systems and third-party services.
  2. 2.2Integrates with customer systems through APIs, events, files and databases, including legacy and undocumented interfaces.
  3. 2.3Makes and documents build-vs-configure-vs-extend-the-product decisions and trade-offs.
  4. 2.4Designs for the customer’s identity, access, network and data-residency constraints.
  5. 2.5Chooses the right kind of solution, including deterministic code, classical ML, LLM or agent, or no software at all.
Behavioral indicators for domain 2, by proficiency level
AssociatePractitionerLead
Implements integrations against a given design, and reads and navigates unfamiliar customer codebases.Produces an architecture and decision record that the customer’s architects and security team accept.Sets reference architectures and integration patterns that are reused across deployments.
Documents interfaces, assumptions and failure modes encountered.Chooses between custom build, configuration and product extension, with explicit cost, speed and maintainability trade-offs.Negotiates architecture with senior customer technical leaders and the vendor’s product and engineering teams.
Raises integration risks early.Designs to fit identity, access and data-residency constraints without unsafe workarounds.Decides when the right answer is “don’t build this,” and makes that case.
3AI/LLM Application Engineering and Evaluation

Building production-quality applications on AI models (including retrieval, tool use and agentic workflows) and proving their quality with evaluations the customer trusts.

  1. 3.1Writes production-grade code (tested, reviewed, maintainable) in at least one mainstream language.
  2. 3.2Builds LLM-based components: prompting and structured outputs, retrieval over customer content, tool and function calling, and multi-step or agent workflows.
  3. 3.3Designs evaluations: test sets drawn from real cases, acceptance thresholds agreed with the customer, regression checks, and human review where needed.
  4. 3.4Analyzes errors and improves quality, cost and latency systematically.
  5. 3.5Applies guardrails and keeps a human in the loop to match the risk of the use case.
  6. 3.6Keeps up with changing model capabilities and judges when a change matters to a deployment.
Behavioral indicators for domain 3, by proficiency level
AssociatePractitionerLead
Builds and tests well-specified components, and follows team code and evaluation conventions.Owns the AI system for a deployment, from prototype to production, against agreed acceptance criteria.Defines evaluation methodology and quality bars for a portfolio of deployments or a vertical.
Runs existing evaluation suites and reports results accurately, including failures.Builds an evaluation set with the customer’s domain experts and uses it to make go/no-go decisions.Turns recurring field failures into product or model feedback that the vendor acts on.
Explains how model behaviour affects user experience in their component.Diagnoses failure modes (retrieval, reasoning, tool use, data) and fixes the cause, not the symptom.Sets policy on where autonomy is and isn’t appropriate in high-risk workflows.
4Data Engineering and Data Readiness

Getting the customer’s real data (messy, siloed, governed, sometimes legacy) into a state where a solution can use it safely and reliably.

  1. 4.1Profiles and assesses data quality, lineage and fitness for purpose.
  2. 4.2Builds and operates pipelines (batch and streaming as needed) and data models.
  3. 4.3Works within data governance: classification, consent, retention, residency, and least-privilege access.
  4. 4.4Prepares unstructured content (documents, images, transcripts) for retrieval and extraction.
  5. 4.5Plans migration and reconciliation from legacy sources, with checks the customer can verify.
Behavioral indicators for domain 4, by proficiency level
AssociatePractitionerLead
Writes queries and transformations to spec, and documents data issues found.Delivers a data readiness assessment and the pipelines a deployment needs, with tests and monitoring.Sets data-readiness entry criteria for engagements, and designs data approaches for complex or regulated estates.
Handles sensitive data according to the provided rules.Designs access and handling that satisfy the customer’s governance owners.Resolves data-ownership and governance disputes between customer teams.
Reconciles outputs against source samples.Plans and executes migrations with reconciliation reports the business signs off.Builds reusable data patterns adopted across deployments.
5Deployment, Operations, Security and Responsible AI

Shipping solutions into the customer’s production environment and keeping them secure, observable, compliant and dependable, with security and compliance treated as part of delivery rather than an afterthought.

  1. 5.1Packages and deploys software through repeatable pipelines (CI/CD and infrastructure as code) in customer-controlled environments, including restricted or air-gapped ones.
  2. 5.2Instruments systems for monitoring, logging, alerting and AI-specific observability (quality drift, cost, latency).
  3. 5.3Applies secure engineering: secrets handling, access control, vulnerability management, privacy, and threat modeling for AI systems (for example prompt injection and data exfiltration through tools).
  4. 5.4Takes solutions through customer security, risk and compliance reviews.
  5. 5.5Documents and runs responsible-AI controls appropriate to the use case: transparency, auditability, bias checks, and incident response.
Behavioral indicators for domain 5, by proficiency level
AssociatePractitionerLead
Deploys using established pipelines, and follows secure-coding and secrets practices.Owns production readiness for a deployment: runbooks, monitoring, rollback, and on-call handover.Defines deployment and security standards for FDE teams, and leads response to serious incidents.
Fixes issues found in security scans or reviews.Prepares evidence for and passes customer security, risk and compliance reviews.Engages customer CISOs, risk and compliance leaders as a peer, and shapes the vendor’s security posture for field deployments.
Reports incidents promptly and accurately.Threat-models AI-specific risks and puts in proportionate controls.Sets proportionate responsible-AI controls for high-impact use cases.
6Stakeholder Communication, Adoption and Change Management

Building trust across the customer organization and making sure the solution is actually adopted, by explaining clearly, delivering bad news early, and managing the human side of change.

  1. 6.1Adapts technical communication to executives, operators, engineers and risk owners.
  2. 6.2Maintains relationships and trust, including when delivering bad news or pushing back.
  3. 6.3Plans and supports adoption: training, workflow redesign, champions, and feedback loops.
  4. 6.4Measures adoption and impact and reports them honestly.
  5. 6.5Runs demos and readouts that tie technical progress to business outcomes, without overselling.
Behavioral indicators for domain 6, by proficiency level
AssociatePractitionerLead
Writes clear status updates and documentation for technical peers.Runs regular stakeholder readouts and keeps the sponsor’s confidence through setbacks.Is trusted by customer executives as an advisor, and handles escalations and conflicts across organisations.
Supports user training and gathers user feedback.Designs and executes the adoption plan, and measures usage and impact against the baseline.Leads change programmes that span multiple teams or business units.
Escalates concerns early through the right channel.Delivers bad news early, with options.Mentors others in executive communication and difficult conversations.
7Delivery Leadership and Commercial Judgment

Running an engagement as a bounded, outcome-focused investment: scoping it, sequencing it, knowing when to stop, handing it over cleanly, and turning what was learned into reusable value for the vendor.

  1. 7.1Scopes and sequences work to show value early (smallest proof first), and manages trade-offs between scope, speed and quality.
  2. 7.2Defines and enforces entry, exit and stop criteria for an engagement.
  3. 7.3Understands the commercial model of the engagement (cost to deliver, value delivered, intellectual-property boundaries, expansion potential) and acts accordingly.
  4. 7.4Plans handover so the customer can run the solution without the FDE.
  5. 7.5Codifies field learning into playbooks, reusable components and product feedback.
Behavioral indicators for domain 7, by proficiency level
AssociatePractitionerLead
Estimates and delivers own tasks reliably, and makes blockers visible.Owns the engagement plan, delivers a working proof early, and adjusts scope to protect the outcome.Shapes the engagement portfolio and investment decisions, and sets qualification and stop criteria.
Documents what was built so others can maintain it.Executes a planned handover and verifies the customer team can operate independently.Structures engagements around intellectual-property boundaries and commercial outcomes, together with the vendor’s sales and legal teams.
Contributes field observations to team retrospectives.Turns at least one deployment pattern into a reusable asset or a product request.Builds the feedback loop from field to product that shifts the vendor’s roadmap.

v0.1 has no industry-specific tracks. Tracks may be added later if the community asks for them.

Design principles

  • Vendor-neutral
  • Outcome-anchored
  • Observable and assessable
  • Built to be ready for ISO/IEC 17024 later (v0.1 is a starting hypothesis for the job task analysis, not a substitute for it)
  • Standard-setting kept separate from training, including any training affiliated with FDE Council’s founder. The founder’s own training is held to the same rule: it may say “aligned to the open framework” and nothing stronger.
  • Specialization is additive (no industry tracks in v0.1)
  • Open by default

Validation roadmap

  1. Community review of v0.1 (open comment period).
  2. Job task analysis: a structured survey of practicing FDEs and FDE leaders plus subject-matter-expert workshops. (State of FDE 2026 gives early input; it isn’t a substitute.)
  3. v0.2 → v1.0: revise, and publish the job-task-analysis method and results.
  4. Later and separate: any credential scheme, under a separately governed committee.

How to give feedback

Name the domain and competency number (e.g. “3.3”), say what’s missing, wrong or unclear, suggest wording, and tell us your context (company type, region, level). Please don’t share confidential customer information.

Versioning and license

Releases use MAJOR.MINOR. 0.x releases are drafts; 1.0 will be the first release validated by a job task analysis. Every release carries a change log, and earlier versions stay available.

FDE Competency Framework v0.1 © 2026 FDE Council, licensed under CC BY 4.0. You may share and adapt it for any purpose, including commercially, with credit. Use doesn’t imply endorsement by FDE Council.

Editor: Noor Surani. Reviewers will be listed as the advisory board forms.

How to cite this framework

FDE Council. (2026). FDE Competency Framework (Version 0.1, draft). https://www.fdecouncil.com/framework/v0.1/. Licensed under CC BY 4.0.

To cite a single competency, give its number as well, for example “FDE Competency Framework v0.1, competency 3.3”; each competency has its own link, such as /framework/#c-3-3. The v0.1 address will keep pointing to this version after later releases.

Change log

  • v0.1October 2026First public review draft.